Each year, an estimated 390 million dengue infections occur around the world. Of these, around 5 million cases develop into severe dengue, which results in up to 25,000 deaths annually worldwide.
Dengue Fever is the most dangerous form of fever as it becomes life threatening if not detected in early stages or treatment is delayed. Dengue fever doesn't have medicine to cure it rapidly it has to go through stages of treatment and human immunity response to medicines for recovery matters most.
To cure from dengue fever the most important step is to prevent it at first , knowing more about dengue helps to attain this step.
What is Dengue Fever ?
Dengue fever is a mosquito borne disease caused by the dengue virus. Dengue virus is primarily transmitted by Aedes mosquitobites.
What are the dengue fever symptoms ?
Dengue virus is primarily transmitted by Aedes mosquito's. They typically bite during the early morning and in the evening, but they may bite and thus spread infection at any time of day.
Humans are the primary host of the virus, but it also circulates in non-human primates. An infection can be acquired via a single bite.
It is also said that , Aedes mosquito's generally bite to human with unclean skin , they are attracted to some kind of smell generated from secrete substances from Sweat glands.
A female mosquito that takes a blood meal from a person infected with dengue fever, during the initial 2 to 10 day febrile period, becomes itself infected with the virus in the cells lining its gut.
About 8–10 days later, the virus spreads to other tissues including the mosquito's salivary glands and is subsequently released into its saliva.
The virus seems to have no detrimental effect on the mosquito, which remains infected for life.
Aedes aegypti is particularly involved, as it prefers to lay its eggs in artificial water containers, to live in close proximity to humans, and to feed on people rather than other.
Do we have vaccine for dengue Fever ?
Avaccine for dengue fever has been approved and is commercially available in a number of countries. As of 2018, the vaccine is only recommended in individuals who have been previously infected or, in populations with a high rate of prior infection by age nine.
When did the dengue fever detected first in world ?
In 2019 a significant increase in the number of cases was seen. The earliest descriptions of an outbreak date from 1779. Its viral cause and spread were understood by the early 20th century.
What are the different phases of dengue Fever ?
The course of infection is divided into three phases: febrile, critical, and recovery.
The febrile phase involves high fever, potentially over 40 °C (104 °F), and is associated with generalized pain and a headache; this usually lasts two to seven days.Nausea and vomiting may also occur. A rash occurs in 50–80% of those with symptoms in the first or second day of symptoms as flushed skin, or later in the course of illness (days 4–7), as a measles-like rash.A rash described as "islands of white in a sea of red" has also been observed.
Some petechiae (small red spots that do not disappear when the skin is pressed, which are caused by broken capillaries) can appear at this point, as may some mild bleeding from the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose. The fever itself is classically biphasic or saddleback in nature, breaking and then returning for one or two days.
In some people, the disease proceeds to a critical phase as fever resolves.During this period, there is leakage of plasma from the blood vessels, typically lasting one to two days. This may result in fluid accumulation in the chest and abdominal cavity as well as depletion of fluid from the circulation and decreased blood supply to vital organs. There may also be organ dysfunction and severe bleeding, typically from the gastrointestinal tract. Shock (dengue shock syndrome) and hemorrhage (dengue hemorrhagic fever) occur in less than 5% of all cases of dengue; however, those who have previously been infected with other serotypes of dengue virus ("secondary infection") are at an increased risk. This critical phase, while rare, occurs relatively more commonly in young adults.
The recovery phase occurs next, with resorption of the leaked fluid into the bloodstream. This usually lasts two to three days. The improvement is often striking, and can be accompanied with severe itching and a slow heart rate.Another rash may occur with either a maculopapular or a vasculitic appearance, which is followed by peeling of the skin. During this stage, a fluid overload state may occur; if it affects the brain, it may cause a reduced level of consciousness or seizures. A feeling of fatigue may last for weeks in adults.
What are the laboratory testing for dengue Fever ?
The diagnosis of dengue fever may be confirmed by microbiological laboratory testing.This can be done by virus isolation in cell cultures, nucleic acid detection by PCR, viral antigen detection (such as for NS1) or specific antibodies (serology). Virus isolation and nucleic acid detection are more accurate than antigen detection, but these tests are not widely available due to their greater cost.
Detection of NS1 during the febrile phase of a primary infection may be greater than 90% sensitive however is only 60–80% in subsequent infections. All tests may be negative in the early stages of the disease. PCR and viral antigen detection are more accurate in the first seven days. In 2012 a PCR test was introduced that can run on equipment used to diagnose influenza; this is likely to improve access to PCR-based diagnosis.
How does platelet count in dengue fever matters most ?
The normal count of platelets is 1.5 lac to 4.5 lac per microlitre of blood. In viral fever, it reduces up to 90,000 to one lac. In dengue, this count goes down to 20,000 or even lower, but reaches the normal once dengue is cured. In a viral fever this count comes to the normal range gradually.
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Healthy human body blood Platelet count ranges above 160000 , on infection within 2-4 days its starts dropping below 120000 which is considered as a detection factor of dengue virus presence.
By the time treatment initiated , dengue virus does damage to the digestive system leads to loss of taste , weakness and result of which platelet count drops below 80000.
If platelet count drops below 60000 , low blood pressure and breathing problem is seen in patient with need of external oxygen supply.
On Day 8 onward , sometimes platelet recovery spike up is seen but can not guarantee the recovery phase as patient condition is not inline with the blood report. Such platelet count spike should not be considered as recovery point.
Platelet count shows upward trend when patient starts eating food normally ,which is generally seen after 9-10 days since infection.
The number days mentioned in graph may vary depends on conditions but their pattern observed to be similar in most of the cases.
What is Anti-dengue day ?
International Anti-Dengue Day is observed every year on 15 June. The idea was first agreed upon in 2010 with the first event held in Jakarta, Indonesia in 2011. Further events were held in 2012 in Yangon, Myanmar and in 2013 in Vietnam. Goals are to increase public awareness about dengue, mobilize resources for its prevention and control and, to demonstrate the Asian region's commitment in tackling the disease.
How to cure dengue fever ?
No specific antiviral medication is currently available to treat dengue. The treatment of dengue fever is symptomatic and supportive in nature. Bed rest and mild analgesic-antipyretic therapy are often helpful in relieving lethargy, malaise, and fever associated with the disease. Acetaminophen (paracetamol) is recommended for treatment of pain and fever. Aspirin, other salicylates, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be avoided.
Patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome may require intravenous volume replacement. Plasma volume expanders can be used in patients who do not respond to isotonic fluids.
Home remedies to recover fast from dengue fever ?
Although general medicine treatment considered to be the recommended cure for the disease. In support to which few home remedies do benefit for rapid recovery ...
1.Eat at least 2-3 kiwi fruit daily,it contain good amounts of vitamin A, vitamin E, along with potassium to balance the body's electrolytes and limiting hypertension and high blood pressure.
The copper in kiwi fruit is especially for the formation of healthy red blood cells and building immunity against disease.
Eating kiwi empty stomach or at least 2-3 hrs early or after lunch helps.
2.Papaya Leaf is rich in enzymes like papain and chymopapain, which aid digestion, prevent bloating and other digestive disorders.
30 ml of fresh papaya leaf juice helps in increasing the platelet count. It improves digestive system and helps to regain taste which leads to build immunity.
Papaya Leaf should be plucked in the morning and its juice to be served to patient asap with empty stomach and no further eating for next 2-3 hrs.
Apart from these two best proven remedies , Medium protein diet includes sprouts , green veggies with no spices or oil helps to recover early.
Last but, Important Facts about Dengue Fever , Cure , Prevention ...
1. Dengue never infects to someone who has good healthy habits like sleeping of adequate hours and appropriate time, food timings with no overeating , hygiene , stress free life . routine exercise like yoga etc.
2. Early detection of Dengue fever always recovers faster. Considering a family history if dengue antigen tests are taken on 1st or 2nd day of fever itself when symptoms of headache with high fever of 102/103 °F are seen , the recover may happens within 4-5 days of treatment.
3. Don't let water stagnate in home or surrounding area ; keep fish like guppies in home aquarium who eat mosquito eggs.
4. Having home remedies like papaya leaf juice , kiwi fruit in take acts as a support to ongoing medicine for faster recovery.
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